Differences and Continuities With Conduct And Ideals Of Pre Islamic Arabs.

Before discussing any of the information available about this topic the following points should be considered first:

  1. The information in this case is mostly historical, which could be one reason for the scholars of Fiqh not to involve themselves in such studies.
  2. Since such studies are of no or very few practical effects not many writers have recorded them.
  3. There are the questions of verification and authenticity of such information, which makes it more difficult for a Faqih to benefit.
  4. It is due to the verification difficulties that any Islamic practice which may seem to have been practiced in the pre-Islamic days will be considered new legislation by the approval of the Islamic Shari’a.

Some Of The Practices And Beliefs Of The Pre-Islamic Arabs:

According to Al-shahristani, The Arabs and the Indians are closer to each other culturally and so are ‘ajam and Romans. (By this he, perhaps, speaks of the rest of non- Arab people of Middle East and the people of Europe). The two former groups like spirituality while the later groups are more to worldly matters.

Of the houses built some are of evil nature and the others are of the nature of the Truth. The holy Quran says, "The first house built for people was that in Bakkah. It is a blessing and guidance for the worlds." No one exactly knows who built this house. Some Hadith say that it was built by Adam, latter Prophet Abraham and his son Ishmael rebuilt it as a house of worship.

Of the Arabs the first person who placed idols in the ka’bah was the chief of his people ‘amr Ibn Luhay. He had seen some people in Syria worshipping the idols.

The Arabs were of several groups ideologically. Some of them rejected belief in God saying that nature gives life and time gives wealth.

Some of them believed in the Creator but did not believe in the Day of Judgment.

Some of them said that why this prophet needs food and walks in the streets.

Some of them believed in reincarnation.

The pre Islamic Arabs knew three kinds of knowledge.

  1. They were very good at the genealogy of certain people. They knew very well the genealogy of the holy Prophet up to Abraham.
  2. Some of them knew how to interpret dreams.
  3. Some of them knew Astrology.
  4. Some of the Arabs as part of burial rites would tie the camel of the dead person over his grave that would also die of hunger.

    They would marry two sisters at the same time.

    After one’s death his elder son if he so liked would place his cloth on the wife of the father.

    They had very bazaar manners in marriage matters.

    Some of the Arabs believed in God and the Day of Judgment and were waiting for the coming of a Prophet.

    They knew a great deal about the forefathers of the holy Prophet and for this reason respected ‘abdul Muttalib, the grand father of the holy Prophet who would serve the people as a judge, teach his children good manners and to stay away from evil manners. During a drought ‘Abdul Muttalib asked his son Abu Talib to bring to him the newborn Muhammad wrapped up in a cloth. He took the baby and facing the Ka’bah threw him several times up saying, "O, Lord for the sake of this baby send us rain. In a little while a drenching rain started to come down. Abu Talib sang his famous ballad that is called Al-lamiyah because each pair of lines ends with the letter ‘L’.

    "The white face to the clouds prays for rain,

    He is the refuge of the orphans and the protector of the widows.

    From bani Hashim moons circle around him,

    With him they are all well favored and privileged,

    You lie and the House of God exonerates

    Muhammad,

    And this is why we fight for him and protect him.

    We will never give him to you until we all drop dead defending him before our sons and families."

     

    These Arabs had laws and traditions.

    They would bury their dead and pray for them.

    They also would observe the tradition of Abraham.

    Of such traditions were:

    (a) Rinsing of the mouth

    (b) Rinsing of the nose,

     

  5. Trimming of mustache,
  6. Brushing of teeth,
  7. Parting of hair in front of the head,
  8. Draining of urine passage after urinating,
  9. Trimming of nails,
  10. Shaving of arm pits,
  11. Shaving of hairs around genitals
  12. And circumcision.

As mentioned earlier, from the authenticity and verification point of view there is not enough verifying means for a Faqih to consider such information as authentic and usable if Fiqh.

About brushing of the teeth there are Ahadith saying that the holy prophet said, "The angel Jirael urges me to brush my teeth so much and I am anxious about injuries to my gums."

The above traditions are considered preferable not obligatory matters in the Shari' of Islam.

The Faqaha’ consider them as rules of the Islamic Shari’s as sanctioned by the holy Prophet. The practice of the Arabs may have been accidental or part of the traditions of Prophet Abraham.